LAYER – 1 : Network Interface
This layer characterizes the structure of the information on the link and gives checking 1s and 0s genuinely. Ethernet is the most widely recognized neighborhood innovation which is utilized for observing the physical perspective on the information at the system interface layer. ethernet has three sub-layers : LLC (Logic Link Control Layer), MAC (Media Access Control) and Pyhsical. LLC sub-layer decides the convention of the edge and goes it through MAC. LLC and MAC adds their own headers to information and they make a total edge structure. Physical sub-layer changes over this edge to electrical sign or remote sign.
LAYER – 2 : Internet
This layer is where source and target IP delivers added to information and information is changed over to a "datagram" which has a greatest size of 65,535 bytes. IP, ICMP, IGMP and ARP conventions take a shot at the web layer.
LAYER – 3 : Transport
Transport layer characterizes how the information is transported.TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) conventions take a shot at this layer. These conventions add control headers to the information. TCP is the convention to send the information without misfortune. A unique TCP Acknowledge parcel is sent for the information and got bundles are checked for mistakes. Sender sends the bundle over and over until recognize of the beneficiary comes. With the goal that no bundle misfortune happens. Three-Way Handshake association is set up between organize gadgets if TCP is utilized between two system gadgets. Information stream on HTTP, HTTPS, POP3, SMTP, FTP, SFTP conventions are made by means of TCP. Conventions like TFTP and SNMP use UDP to ship the information and information stream control and rehashed sends are not made for these conventions. Since it isn't significant if the information is shipped without a mistake or not. For instance a voice call utilizes UDP as well. UDP expends less bandwith as indicated by TCP.
LAYER – 4 : Application
Various sorts of conventions deal with application layer as per record type and the product which attempts to send information. Correspondence among virtual products and transport conventions is given on this layer utilizing ports. Ports are numbered standard applications. For instance HTTP convention utilizes port 80.