Both CHAR and NCHAR are fixed length string data types. But they have the following differences:
► CHAR's full name is CHARACTER.
► NCHAR's full name is NATIONAL CHARACTER.
► By default, CHAR uses ASCII character set. So 1 character is always stored as 1 byte.
► By default, NCHAR uses Unicode character set. NCHAR data are stored in UTF8 format. So 1 character could be stored as 1 byte or upto 4 bytes.
► Both CHAR and NCHAR columns are defined with fixed lengths in units of characters.
The following column definitions are the same:
CREATE TABLE faq (Title NCHAR(80));
CREATE TABLE faq (Title NATIONAL CHAR(80));
CREATE TABLE faq (Title NATIONAL CHARACTER(80));
CREATE TABLE faq (Title CHAR(80) CHARACTER SET utf8);
CREATE TABLE faq (Title CHARACTER(80) CHARACTER SET utf8);