a. Class Loader: is an abstract class. Its purpose is to tell JVM in what manner a class is to be loaded at runtime.
b. MSIL: Microsoft Intermediate Language is considered to be the lowest form of human readable language. It is CPU independent and includes instructions of how to load, store, initialize objects. JIT converts this MSIL into native code which is dependent on the CPU.
c. Code Manager: Is responsible for managing code at runtime.
d. Garbage Collector: The .NET garbage collector enables high-speed allocation and release of memory for the objects in managed code. Its main aim is proper memory management.
e. Security Engine: It ensures all the security restrictions.
f. Type Checker: It enforces the constraints of types. It enforces strictness in type checking.
g. Thread Support: It allows multithreading
h. Debug engine: It allows proper debugging of an application.
i. Base class library: It provides all the types that an application need at runtime.
j. Exception manager: Handles all the exception for an application during runtime.
k. COM Marshaller: It provides an option for interoperability for an application