Khan Bahadur Sir Mohammad Usman, KCSI KCIE (1884 – 1 January 1960) was an Indian politician, hakim and socialite who served as the Minister of Home for the Madras Presidency in the Justice Party government of the Raja of Bobbili and as the first Indian acting Governor of Madras from 16 May 1934 to 16 August 1934. His name is often written Muhammad Usman.
| Khan Bagadur Sir Mohammad Usman KCSI, KCIE | |
|---|---|
 Governor of Madras Presidency 1934 official picture | |
| Member of the Executive Council of the Viceroy of India | |
|
In office 1942–1947 | |
| Monarch | George VI of the United Kingdom |
| Governor-General |
Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow, |
| Succeeded by | None |
| Member of the Defence Council of India | |
|
In office 1940–1941 | |
| Monarch | George VI of the United Kingdom |
| Governor of Madras Presidency (Acting) | |
|
In office 16 April 1934 – 16 August 1934 | |
| Premier | Raja of Bobbili |
| Preceded by | George Frederick Stanley |
| Succeeded by | George Frederick Stanley |
| Minister of Home (Madras Presidency) | |
|
In office 1932–1934 | |
| Premier | Raja of Bobbili |
| Governor | George Frederick Stanley |
| Member of the Executive Council of the Governor of Madras | |
|
In office 1925–1930 | |
| Premier |
Raja of Panagal P. Subbarayan |
| Governor |
George Goschen, 2nd Viscount Goschen, Sir Norman Majoribanks, George Frederick Stanley |
| Succeeded by | None |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
1884 Tanjore, British India |
| Died |
1960 Madras, India |
| Alma mater | Madras Christian College |
| Occupation | lawyer, hakim |
| Profession | politician |
Usman was born into an aristocratic family of Tanjore in the Madras Presidency in 1884. He graduated from Madras Christian College and joined the Justice Party. He was elected to the Madras Legislative Council and later, to the Governor's executive council. Usman served as the member of posts and air in the Viceroy's Executive Council between 1942 and 1947. He died in 1960 at the age of 76. He was a part-time hakim or doctor in Unani medicine and used his influential position in the provincial administration to promote indigenous systems of medicine.
In person, Usman was both tall and very heavy. He was once described by V. S. Srinivasa Sastri as having a "magnificent frame", and Sastri's biographer says he was "of gargantuan size".
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Early life
Usman was born to Mohammad Yakub who belonged to an aristocratic family of Tanjore, Madras Presidency in 1884. Usman graduated from the Madras Christian College and joined the South Indian Liberal Federation. Usman practised Unani medicine and acquired a reputation as an efficient physician.
Political positions
Usman was elected to the Madras Legislative Council as a Justice Party candidate in 1920 and served as a legislator from 1920 to 1923. Usman served as the President of the Corporation of Madras in 1924–25 and as the Shera of Madras in 1924. In October 1921, the Raja of Panagal, the Chief Minister of Madras, established a committee on Indigenous Systems of Medicine. He appointed Usman, the Secretary of the committee. In 1922, this Committee concluded that Ayurveda was based on genuine scientific theories and noted that its practice has been waning over the years. On 30 March 1925, Usman was appointed member of the executive council of the Governor of Madras. He was elected president of the Muhammedan Education Association of South India in 1930.
When the Raja of Bobbili took over as the Chief Minister or Premier of the Madras Presidency, Usman was made the Minister of Home in the provincial government. However, Usman resigned in 1934 recommending A. T. Panneerselvam as his successor. Muslims of the Madras Presidency felt betrayed that Usman had not recommended a Muslim for the post and strongly opposed the candidature of Panneerselvam who was a Christian.[14] Violent Muslim-Christian riots erupted in the province.[14] Though the riots were eventually quelled, the incidents radicalized public opinion, both Muslim and Christian, against the Justice Party.
In 1935, Usman became the first Indian President of the Rotary Club of Madras.[15]
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