He was a member of the Mumbai Indians squad in 2012 and signed up by the Kolkata Knight Riders in 2014 whom he represented at the 2014 Champions League Twenty20.

In January 2018, he was bought by the Kolkata Knight Riders in the 2018 IPL auction.

On October 2014 chinaman bowler entered into Indian team but he made his debut 3 years later on 25 March 2017 in a test match against Australia.

On September 21, 2017, he became the third bowler for India to take a hat-trick in an ODI after Chetan Sharma and Kapil Dev. He took a hat-trick at Eden Gardens, Kolkata, against Australia, on 21 September 2017.

He was selected in Indian cricket team to play against West Indies in October 2014 but did not appear in any of the matches. In February 2017 he was added to India's Test squad for their one-off match against Bangladesh. He made his Test debut for India against Australia on 25 March 2017, at the Dharamshala Cricket Stadium, taking four wickets in the first innings. Kuldeep Yadav is the first Slow-left-arm chinaman bowler to represent India national cricket team in Test cricket. He is also only the third chinaman bowler in Test cricket to take four wickets on debut. The others are Australian Chuck-Fleetwood-Smith (4/64) against South Africa and Sri Lanka's Lakshan Sandakan (4/58) against Australia.

In June 2017, he was named in India's squad for a limited overs tour to the West Indies. He made his One Day International (ODI) debut for India against the West Indies on 23 June 2017. However, during this game, he was unable to bowl a single delivery as the game ended with no result due to rain during the first innings while India was batting. He was ultimately able to bowl in the next match of the series, where he took three wickets.^[9] He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut for India against the West Indies on 9 July 2017.^[10]

On 3 July 2018, Kuldeep Yadav took his first fifer in a T20I and also became the first left arm chinaman bowler to take 5 wickets (5-fer) in a T20I while conceding just 24 runs in 4 overs during the 1st T20I against England, in fact he also became only the third Indian after Yuzvendra Chahal and Bhuvneshwar Kumar to take a five wicket haul in a T20I.^[11][12] On 12 July 2018 during the first ODI against England, he grabbed his maiden five wicket haul in an ODI and also set a new record for registering the best bowling figures by a chinaman bowler in an ODI (6/25) and also surpassed the record of Murali Kartik to record the best ever bowling by a left arm spinner in an ODI innings.^[13] He also shattered the record of Shahid Afridi for registering the best bowling figures by a spinner against England in ODIs and also broke Afridi's record for recording the best ever bowling figures by a spinner in an ODI in England.^[14][15]